MAP: A flat drawing of Earth's surface, or a portion of it
PHYSICAL MAP: A map that shows natural landforms and water-ways on the Earth's surface.
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP: A map that shows the shape of the ground as well as location and elevation of surface features using contour lines.
POLITICAL MAP: A map that shows all the borders of nations and other political units as States, provinces or councils.
THEMATIC MAP: A map that shows a particular theme, or topic such as population, climates... within a specific area.
CARDINAL POINTS: The four main points on a compass that show direction ( North, South, East and West )
MERIDIANS: An imaginary circle that link the poles . They go from the North to the South. The main meridian is called Prime Meridian (0º) or Greenwich Meridian and it is taken of reference .
PARALLELS: They are imaginary lines perpendicular to the meridians. They go from the East to the West. The main parallel is called Equator
LATITUDE: Distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees. It can be from 0º to 90º.
LONGITUDE: Distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees. It can be from 0º to 180º.
SCALE: Relationship between a real territory and the size of this on a map.